General average is an unwritten, non-statutory, international maritime law which is universally recognized and applied. It is founded on the principle that vessel and goods are parties to the same venture and share exposure to the same perils, which may require sacrifice or the incurring of extraordinary expense on the part of one for the benefit of the whole venture.
General average bond
Document required of cargo owners after a 'General Average' loss, obtaining their agreement to pay any contribution that may become due.
General average guarantee
Given by cargo underwriters, after a 'General Average' loss, agreeing to meet their Assured's liability for contribution.
General order warehouse
贮存一般到达保税仓五天内仍未被提取货物的仓库, 而所产生的一切费用由货主承担
Genset (generator set)
A portable power generator, which converts fuel into electrical power by mechanical means, and from which a reefer draws power. A clip-on generator set is mounted to the front of the refrigeration unit. An underslung generator set is mounted to the chassis upon which the reefer is mounted for handling and transport. The underslung generator set can be either side-mounted or center-mounted on the chassis.
Godown
仓库
Gooseneck
The front rails of the chassis that raise above the plane of the chassis and engage in the tunnel of a container.
Incoterms are a set of uniform rules codifying the interpretation of trade terms defining the rights and obligation of both buyer and seller in an international transaction, thereby enabling anotherwise complex basis for a sale contract to be accomplished in three letters. Incoterms are drafted by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).
Inherent vice
货物在没有意外发生或疏忽情况下损坏
Inland clearance depot
一个附有清关设施的散货仓库
INS
保险
Insulated container
内笼附绝缘设施以减少受到外在温度而影响货物的货柜
Insulated tank container
框架被架着一个或多个与热能绝缘的液体缸的货柜
Interchange
货柜由一点转送到另一点的安排
Interchange points
货物由一运输线转到另一运输线的操作点
Intercoastal
两岸之间的水路运输, 通常指在大西洋和太平洋海岸之间
Intermodal
货物或货柜在货车、铁路或水路运输的操作
Intermodal transport
多联式付运. 一种由不同运输工具共同付运操作之模式
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
ISO 是全球标准团体,由全世界大约有130 个国家联盟. 这是由一九四七年成立, 由非政府组织建立促进发展国际贸易标准. ISO 及后被出版作为国际标准的国际协议
付运模式的一种. 货柜由外国经水路到达, 再通过火车或货车安排之陆路运送到内陆目的地, 亦称I.P.I. 或Through Service
Mileage
距离(英哩)
Mini landbridge (MLB)
付运模式的一种. 货柜由外国经水路到达, 再通过火车安排之陆路运送到内陆目的地
Mini-bridge
货物往来内陆目的地而通过两个美国港口及海外港口的运输线
Minimum charge
最低费用
MMO
多模式操作员
MT
可作多种解释, 如:公吨, 立方米, 空的货柜或多种模式运输
N/B
标记
N.O.S.
没有, 另外注明
Negotiable B/L
由托运人背书的正本提单, 用以与银行收取提单上注明货物之款项
Negotiating bank
信用状指定的银行, 其责任审查由发怖信用状银行指定的文件内容是否与条款相符
Net tonnage
在船只上的净载货及载客量
Net weight
未作任何包装货物的净重量
Non-negotiable B/L
不能与银行作收款安排之提货单副本
NVOCC
无船承运者. 操作在非其下船只之货物及发出提货单
Notify party
提单上的被通知者
NYPE
租船契约,主要聘用合同形式的货船
O/H
超高. 货物的尺寸超过货柜的高度
O/R
拥有人的风险
O/W
超阔, 货物的尺寸超过货柜的阔度
O.C.P. rate
Overland Common Point rates which are generally lower than local tariff rates, were established by the U.S. West Coast steamship companies in conjunction with railroads serving the western U.S. so that cargo originating or destined to the American Midwest and East would be competitive with all-water rates via the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf ports. O.C.P. rates are also applicable to eastern Canada.
Ocean bill of lading
由船东签发的海洋提单, 作为货物收据并且承担船东对收货人交付提货单中所述的货物
Ocean route
水路运输航线
On board
利用联合的运输方式将货物装载在运输工具上
On board B/L
船东确认货物装载在已开航中的货轮上
On deck
特别装载指示, 货物必须是装载在货船甲板上而不是在船舱或甲板下
One-way lease
合约只适用于出口之航次, 其后货箱须交回在目的地或目的地附近之租箱公司
OOG
在标准规格以外, 货物之体积超出其货柜之容量
Open top container
货柜符合一个坚实可移动的顶部. 用以将货物从货柜顶部装载或卸载
ORC
起运港收货费. 由船东对在广东及褔建省出口货柜征收之附加费
Outbound
外向运输, 货船或货物从起运港, 起运点或收货地向外地口岸航行
Outsider
个体船东. 意指没有参加联盟的船公司
Over height cargo
超高货物. 货物被装载在一个无顶货柜
P/A
Particular average.
P/I club
保护和赔偿协会
P.A.
每年
Pallet
卡板, 在前及后方有二行空隙以便被铲车的前臂放进, 而可在同一时间移动一件或多过一件之货物
Per diem
由一运输单位订立供其它运输单位使用其设备或设施的收费. 费用按每天计算
Perils of the sea
在海上因自然力量引起的危险, 如波涛汹涌, 暴风等
Perishable cargo
容易腐烂或变坏的货物
Pier
货轮装货或卸货的地点
Pier-to-House (P/H)
请参考CY/CFS
Pier-to-Pier (P/P)
请参考CY/CY
Piggyback
The point-to-point movement of one transportation vehicle upon another. A highway semi-trailer on a railroad flat car or trailer ferry, a van-container on board a ship, or new passenger automobiles on auto-rack cars are all forms of piggyback transportation.
Air warmed by the container cargo delivered to the evaporator. The temperature of return air often controls the operation of the refrigeration unit.
RO/RO
Roll-on/Roll-off. A feature designed in a specially constructed vessel in both the loading and discharging ports.
Route
航线
S.S.
蒸气推动船
Salvage
从一艘发生意外的船只上寻获的物产
Salvage clause
海运保险条款的一种, 列明保险商须承担援救费的比例
Salvage lien
A maritime lien which exists when a ship or goods comes into the possession of one who preserves them from peril at sea. All salvage services carry with them a maritime lien on the things saved.
Salvage loss
A loss which it is presumed would, but for certain services rendered, have become a total loss. The charges incurred are "salvage charges". The property saved is the "salvage". When referring to goods a salvage loss is one resulting from shipwreck or from a situation where, by the peril of the sea, the vessel is prevented from proceeding on her voyage and the cargo, or the part that is saved is obliged to be sold at a place short of the port of destination. The term is used in marine insurance when at a point short of destination, it can be shown that it would cost more to forward damaged goods to their destination than the goods would realize on the spot. The underwriters usually pay the difference between the total insured value and the net proceeds of the goods, such a settlement being known as a "salvage loss".
A custom house form filled by the shipper of goods to other countries. Also called shipper's manifest. It mentions the marks, numbers, quantity, description and value of the goods at time and place of export. There is a different definition in USA as "The shipper's export declaration (SEDs) forms 7525-V and 7525-V-Alternate (Intermodal) and the shipper's export declaration for In-Transit Goods, Form 7513, are JOINT-BUREAU OF THE CENSUS- INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION DOCUMENTS used for compiling the official U.S. export statistics and administering the requirements of the Export Administrative Act.
Standard International Trade Classification (SITC)
一个标准数字代码由联合国被使用为在国际贸易来分类商品
Starboard
船头的右舷
STC
一项标准条款, 用作保护船东已证明货物由托运人或其代理安排货物包装
Stern
船的末端
Stevedore
码头操作员
Store-Door delivery (STOR/DOR)
Delivery of goods to consignee's place of business or warehouse by motor vehicle. Refers to a complete package of delivery services performed by a carrier from origin to final consumption point, whether that be a retail, wholesale or other final distribution facility. Abbreviated in CCMS as SDD.
